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Applying sport and performance psychology to space exploration: enhancing astronaut training, performance and mission readiness

Simone Caso · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · 2026

This paper examines how mental performance techniques used in elite athletics could support astronauts during long-duration space missions, noting that both athletes and astronauts face similar demands for high performance under extreme psychological pressure. The authors review self-regulation techniques and technological tools from sport psychology that may help astronauts maintain mental health and readiness during isolated and confined conditions on Moon and Mars missions.
Takeaway: Consider applying athlete mental training methods like self-regulation techniques to astronaut preparation programs for deep space missions.
Abstract (source)

Elite athletes and astronauts share a common

Goal: achieving high performance under pressure in environments demanding exceptional performance psychological abilities and preparedness. As extended missions to the Moon and Mars become imminent, space agencies may also consider sport and performance psychology

Methods: to support astronaut mental health, training, and performance in such extreme, isolated, and confined conditions. However, the literature exploring the application of sport and performance psychology in space contexts is limited. Accordingly, this paper examines several key self-regulation techniques along with technological tools, that hold promise for enhancing astronaut psychological performance and readiness. By reviewing current knowledge and identifying areas for adaptation and integration, this paper highlights the potential for sport and performance psychology research to address the unique psychological challenges of space missions.

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